Kahramanmaraş kwanan wata girgizar kasa ta tashi

Wani lamari ne mai ban tausayi da rashin tausayi da girgizar kasar Turkiyya ta afku a Kahramanmaraş, wannan birni mai cike da tarihi da girgizar kasa ta yi kamari.

Bayanan ban mamaki da suka shafi tarihin wannan jiha, da aka yi wa wata babbar girgizar kasa a shekara ta 1114.

A sakamakon wannan girgizar kasa mutane dubu 40 ne suka mutu sannan kuma birnin ya ruguje gaba daya, kuma an sake ruguje shi a shekara ta 1308 sakamakon girgizar kasa da ta same shi a lokacin.

Ina Kahramanmaraş yake?

Sunan Kahramanmaraş bai fito daga ko ina ba, yana nufin jaruma Maraş, sunanta Maraş, amma an ba ta lakabin jarumtaka.

Majalisar Dokokin Turkiyya a ranar 7 ga Fabrairun 1973.

Hakan ya faru ne saboda tsayin daka da kuma fadan da mutanen Maraşlı suka yi a lokacin yakin da suke da kasashen kawance bayan yakin duniya na daya.

A tsawon tarihin birnin, an kira shi sunaye da yawa.

Markas ce ga Hittiyawa (mutanen Anatoliya), da “Markaji” na Assuriyawa.

Yayin da Romawa suka kira shi "Jamus" da Rumawa "Maracion" kuma an kira shi "Maraş" a lokacin zamanin Ottoman.

Har sai da ya ƙare ana kiransa "Kahramanmaraş" a zamanin Jamhuriyar Turkiyya ta zamani.

Wurin birni

Yankin Kahramanmaraş yana da murabba'in kilomita 14327, kuma yana da mita 568 sama da matakin teku.

Yankin arewacinta yana da tsaunuka sosai, tsayin tsaunin Taurus a kudu maso gabas da yankunan Rift Valley.

Har ila yau jihar ta hada da manyan filayen, wadanda su ne filayen Jafer, Marash, Keksen, Ashai Goskun, Afshin, Albistan, Andran, Mizmeli, Narli, da Incli.

Yawan jama'ar Kahramanmaraş bisa ga ƙidayar 2009 shine miliyan 1.1.

Dubu 606 daga cikinsu suna zaune ne a cikin birane, dubu 961 kuma a yankuna da kauyuka, wanda hakan ke nuna cewa yawan mutanen birane ya kai kashi 58%, kuma adadin wadanda ke zaune a kauyuka ya kai kashi 42%.

Yawan biranen Kahramanmaraş 10 ne, adadin gundumomi 64 ne, sannan adadin kauyuka 476 ne.

Tarihin birnin da kewaye ya samo asali ne tun kafin zamanin Kiristanci, kuma an kiyasta cewa yana tsakanin shekaru dubu 14 zuwa 16.

Da rushewar daular Hittiyawa, an kafa masarautun Hittiyawa na ƙarshe, ciki har da Masarautar Gorgom.

A wannan lokacin, ana kiran yankin "Marcas" tsakanin 1200 BC da 700 BC, kuma birnin yana wakiltar tsakiya da babban birnin masarautar.

Bayan haka, ya kasance ƙarƙashin mulkin Masarautar Assuriya kuma an canza sunanta zuwa “Markji” tsakanin shekaru 720 BC da 612 BC.

Ta zama muhimmiyar cibiyar kasuwanci ga Assuriyawa, domin tana kan hanyar kasuwanci da ke haɗa Anatoliya da Mesofotamiya.

Mediyawa sun kwace dukan mulkin Assuriya, kuma tun daga shekara ta 612 BC sun sami damar sanya ikonsu a kan yankin Marash, wanda ya kasance ƙarƙashinsu har zuwa 550 BC, lokacin da Daular Farisa ta faɗaɗa a Anatoliya.

Kuma ya mamaye birnin, wanda a lokacin yana cikin yankin Kapadokiya, ya ci gaba da mulkinsa har tsawon shekaru 300.

A lokacin da Alexander the Great ya mamaye Gabas, mutanen Makidoniya sun shiga birnin a shekara ta 333 BC, kuma ya zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun cibiyoyin jiharsu.

Amma lokacin da Masarautar Kapadokiya ta sami 'yancin kai daga mulkin Macedonia, Maraş ya yi murabus da ita, yana la'akari da shi a cikin iyakokinta.

Tarihi mai cike da yake-yake

Tun tsakiyar ƙarni na farko AD, daular Roma ta fara iko da birnin, kuma an san shi da "Germincia" don girmama Sarkin Gaius Kaisar. GermanicoYankin ya kasance cibiyar dabaru a wancan zamani.

Bincike na baya-bayan nan a jihar ya nuna cewa an fara matsugunin mutane a yankin tun zamanin Paleolithic.

Wayewar Hittiyawa ita ce tsohuwar wayewa ta farko da ta fara zama a yankin tsakanin 2000 BC da 1200 BC.

Khaled bin Al-Waleed ne ya bude shi

Kwamanda Khaled bin Al-Walid ya ci birnin a shekara ta 637, kuma ya zama sansanin sojojin Musulunci, kuma mamayar ta kasance har zuwa karni na goma miladiyya.

Mafi akasarin musulmi, duk da tashe tashen hankula da ake ci gaba da yi da Rumawa, a lokacin da birnin ya fuskanci mutane da dama.

Hare-haren Byzantine, kone-kone, kwasar ganima, barna da kuma gudun hijira.

Garin ya bunkasa tun farkon zamanin Musulunci, Halifa Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan ya ba da umarnin a sake gina shi.

Musulman kuma sun sake gina ta bayan mummunan yakin da sojojin kasashen waje suka yi.

A zamanin halifa Al-Walid bin Abdul-Malik, dansa Al-Abbas ne ya kula da gyaran birnin da kagara da gina katafaren masallaci a cikinsa.

Wannan ya dawo da kuzarinsa kuma ya kara yawan jama'arta.

Enrique Iglesias yayi kira da a ceci yaran Siriya

halaka birnin

Bayan rugujewar birnin da matsugunin mazauna birnin a hannun Sarkin Rumawa Constantine na Biyu a shekara ta 747 miladiyya, Halifa Marwan bin Muhammad ya sake bude shi tare da sake gina shi, haka nan birnin ya shaida kamfen na kayyade kade-kade da dawo da shi a zamanin Abbasiyawa.

A shekara ta 1086 miladiyya yankin ya kasance karkashin mulkin Seljuk, amma rikici tsakanin Seljuks, Rumawa da kuma 'yan Salibiyya.

'Yan Danishmen sun ci gaba har zuwa karshen karni na 12, kuma yankin yana ci gaba da kwace shi daga daya daga cikin bangarorin da ke rikici.

A shekara ta 1097 ne sojojin 'yan Salibiyya suka shiga birnin Marash inda suka yi amfani da shi a matsayin sansaninsu inda suka kaddamar da ayyukan soji.

Kuma ya rike gwamnan Armeniya a birnin.

Bayan janyewar daular Rumawa a shekara ta 1149 miladiyya, birnin ya kasance karkashin iko da dama, kamar masarautun Seljuk.

Wanda aka kafa bayan rushewar babbar kasar Seljuk, da kuma wasu masarautun Armeniya, Ayyubid, Mamluk da Mongolian.

Yankin ya shiga wani yanayi na rashin kwanciyar hankali mai cike da rikici.

Bayan haka, birnin ya shiga karkashin masarautar "Dhul Qadir Oglu" a shekara ta 1339 miladiyya, wadda ta kasance daya daga cikin masarautu masu karfi a yankin Anatoliya, kuma a wannan mataki birnin ya samu mahimmancin zamantakewa, fasaha da birni baya ga rinjayen siyasa. .

A shekara ta 1522 miladiyya, Sultan Yavuz Selim ya mayar da birnin zuwa daular Usmaniyya, kuma ta zama kasa mai cin gashin kanta ta Daular Usmaniyya, kuma tana daya daga cikin muhimman cibiyoyi a jihar.

Mulkin Ingila na jihar

Turawan Ingila sun mamaye birnin ne a ranar 22 ga Fabrairun 1919 Miladiyya, amma ba da jimawa ba suka fice daga kudancin yankin Anatoliya.

Ciki har da birnin Marash daura da birnin Mosul, bisa yarjejeniyar da aka kulla da Faransa.

A ranar 30 ga watan Oktoba na wannan shekarar ne sojojin Faransa suka shiga birnin Marash, don haka jama'a suka shirya wani turjiya da makami domin yakar sojojin mamaya da Armeniyawa da suke hada kai da su, kuma bayan jajircewarsu Faransawa suka ja da baya suka fice daga birnin, kuma Marash ya samu nasara. 'yancin kai a ranar 12 ga Fabrairu, 1920, kuma shi ne birni na farko da ya sami 'yanci daga mulkin mallaka.

Saboda wannan matsayi mai daraja da birnin yake da shi a yakin kwato 'yancin kai, Majalisar Dokokin Turkiyya ta ba shi lambar yabo ta 'yancin kai a ranar 5 ga Afrilu, 1925, kuma an canza sunanta zuwa "Kahramanmaraş," ma'ana "Marash the Heroine". Fabrairu 7, 1973.

wuraren tarihi a jihar

Kahramanmaraş ya ƙunshi wurare masu yawa na tarihi da kayan tarihi, musamman gidan kayan tarihi na Kahramanmaraş, Karahuik, Yasa Tumulus (Taner Village), yanayin ƙauyen Kishnel, rugujewar Pazarcic (Kauyen Toronglu), da kango na Kauyen Ovaşklen.

Ya haɗa da ƙauyuka da yawa, musamman Kahramanmaraş Castle, Gidan Harman, Gidan Mariamchel (Jabin), Gidan Azgit (Yenikoy), Gidan Babkli, Gidan Hastern, Gidan Anagic, da Gidan Keys.

Har ila yau, ya haɗa da masallatai da dama, kamar Masallacin Haznadral (Doraql), Hatun, kabarin Hemet Baba, Gidan Gidan Kogon, da Masallacin Aklim Hatun.