Wani sabon nau'in damuwa yana canza magani

Wani sabon nau'in damuwa yana canza magani

A karon farko, wata ƙungiyar masana kimiyya ta gano wani sabon nau'i na baƙin ciki wanda ya haɗa da rashin fahimta mai zurfi, wanda ba shi da wata alama ta taimakawa wajen kawar da alamunta tare da hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na yanzu.

Wahalar tsarawa na gaba

Kamar yadda aka ruwaito a cikin mujallar JAMA Network Open, masu bincike a Stanford Medicine sun yi amfani da bincike, gwaje-gwaje, da hoton kwakwalwa don taswirar rashin fahimta, wanda ke da halaye kamar wahalar tsarawa gaba, rashin kamun kai, rashin mayar da hankali, da sauran matsaloli. aikin zartarwa.

Duk da yake an san matsaloli tare da aikin zartarwa a matsayin wani abu a cikin babban rashin damuwa na dan lokaci, masana kimiyya suna jayayya cewa har zuwa kashi 27 cikin dari na marasa lafiya, yawancin magunguna na yanzu ba su magance babbar matsala ba. Ko da yake suna cikin tsiraru, wannan kaso na wakiltar, alal misali, kimanin mutane miliyan biyar da ke fama da baƙin ciki a Amurka.

Magunguna da magunguna marasa ƙarfi

"Rashin damuwa yana nunawa ta hanyoyi daban-daban a cikin mutane daban-daban, amma gano abubuwan da suka dace - irin su siffofi masu kama da aikin kwakwalwa - yana taimaka wa masu sana'a na kiwon lafiya su kula da mahalarta yadda ya kamata ta hanyar kulawa da mutum," in ji jagoran bincike Leanne Williams, farfesa na ilimin halin kwakwalwa da kuma ilimin halin mutum.

Gabaɗaya, ana wajabta SSRIs, amma ba su da tasiri wajen taimakawa tabarbarewar fahimta.

A cikin sabon binciken, an ba da manya na 1008 da ba a kula da su ba tare da babban rashin jin daɗi ba ɗaya daga cikin magungunan antidepressants guda uku: escitalopram (wanda aka fi sani da Lexapro) da sertraline (Zoloft), wanda ke aiki akan serotonin, da venlafaxine-XR (Effexor), wanda yana aiki akan Dukan serotonin da norepinephrine.

Mafi mahimmancin rashin fahimta

Bayan makonni takwas, mahalarta 712 sun kammala binciken. Kafin da kuma bayan gwajin, sun gudanar da aikin likita, bincike na kansu don auna matakan bayyanar cututtuka daban-daban, da kuma halaye irin su canje-canje a cikin barci ko cin abinci, da zamantakewa da aiki. - tasirin rayuwa. Mahalarta kuma sun yi gwajin fahimi waɗanda ke auna ayyukan ƙwaƙwalwa kamar ƙwaƙwalwar aiki, saurin yanke shawara da ci gaba da kulawa.

Hakanan an duba kwakwalwar 96 na mahalarta taron ta hanyar hoton aikin maganadisu na maganadisu (fMRI) Gwajin reflex ya baiwa masana kimiyya damar lura da ayyukan kwakwalwa idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba su da damuwa.

Masu binciken sun gano cewa kashi 27% na mahalarta sun sami raunin fahimi da kuma raguwar ayyuka a wasu yankuna na kwakwalwa na gaba - wato, dorsal prefrontal cortex da kuma yankunan cingulate na baya. Sun kuma nuna ƙaramin ci gaba tare da SSRIs.

fMRI

"Wannan binciken yana da mahimmanci saboda likitocin kwakwalwa suna da ƙananan kayan aikin auna don baƙin ciki don taimakawa wajen yanke shawarar magani," in ji Dokta Laura Hack, babban mai binciken binciken kuma mataimakiyar farfesa a ilimin hauka da ilimin halayyar mutum. Galibi suna yin lura da matakan kai rahoton kai. [Har ila yau] [fMRI] Hoto yayin aiwatar da ayyuka na fahimi sabon abu ne a cikin nazarin jiyya na baƙin ciki."

Ƙarfafawar maganadisu na transcranial

Masu bincike suna fatan za a iya samar da gwaje-gwaje don gano wannan cuta da kuma canza magani don dacewa da wannan nau'in babban cuta na damuwa.

"Daya daga cikin manyan kalubalen shine gano sabuwar hanyar magance abin da ke faruwa a halin yanzu na gwaji da kuskure don haka mutane da yawa za su iya samun sauki cikin sauri," in ji Williams. Gabatar da waɗannan matakan fahimi na haƙiƙa kamar hoto zai tabbatar da cewa ba ma amfani da jiyya ɗaya tare da kowane majiyyaci. "

Williams da Huck suna fatan za su gudanar da ƙarin karatu a cikin waɗanda ke da wannan nau'in halitta mai fahimi, ta yin amfani da magunguna daban-daban irin su transcranial Magnetic stimulation (TMS) da farfaɗowar halayya (CBT) da sauran magunguna irin su guanfacine, wanda aka fi danganta da ADHD. .

Wahala da rashin bege

Ba abin mamaki ba ne, yankunan kwakwalwa guda da aka gano a cikin binciken su ma yankunan da ADHD ya shafa da kuma rashin aikin zartarwa mai alaƙa.

Mai bincike Hack ta ce a kai a kai tana shaida "bacin rai da rashin bege da ke faruwa lokacin da [wasu marasa lafiya] suka shiga cikin gwajin gwaji da kuskure tare da ganewar asali. Wannan shi ne saboda likitoci sun fara rubuta magunguna, waɗanda ke ba da tsarin aiki iri ɗaya ga duk wanda ke da baƙin ciki, duk da cewa baƙin ciki yana da yawa iri-iri, "in ji ta, tana bayyana imaninta cewa sakamakon binciken "zai iya taimakawa wajen canza hakan."

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