Dab tsi yog congenital lub plawv tsis xws luag, thiab thaum twg nws ua tau kom nyob nrog lawv ib txwm?

Lub plawv congenital defect yog ib tug malformation ntawm lub plawv thaum yug. Qee lub plawv tsis xws luag yog qhov me me thiab yuav tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Lwm tus yog heev txaus ntshai thiab complex. Cov kev tsis zoo no feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv me nyuam mos los yog me nyuam yaus vim muaj cov tsos mob thiab tuaj yeem kho kho thaum lub sijhawm ntawd.

Cov neeg laus cov kab mob hauv lub plawv feem ntau siv ib qho ntawm ob hom: qhov tsis xws luag asymptomatic thaum ntxov hauv lub neej uas nrog cov tsos mob tom qab, lossis kev kho mob nyuaj thaum menyuam yaus uas yuav tsum tau kho ntxiv lossis kev kho tshiab hauv cov neeg laus. Vim tias kho lub plawv tsis xws luag tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem tom qab, cov neeg mob uas kho qhov tsis xws luag thaum yau yuav tsum tau saib xyuas mob plawv tas mus li thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej. Qee lub sij hawm tus neeg laus yuav muaj cov tsos mob ntawm qhov teeb meem nyuaj rau thawj zaug thaum tus neeg laus.

Feem ntau hom kab mob hauv lub plawv yooj yim uas tau kuaj pom hauv cov neeg laus yog:

Era defects ("lub hauv siab")

Ib qho septal defect tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm ventricles (chambers) hauv plawv, hu ua ventricular septal defect, lossis nruab nrab ntawm atria (filling chambers), hu ua atrial septal defect. Nrog rau ob hom, cov ntshav oxygenated los ntawm lub ntsws sib xyaw nrog cov ntshav deoxygenated rov qab los ntawm lub cev. Ib qho teeb meem loj ntawm septal defects pom thaum cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov ntshav sib xyaw ua rau cov ntshav los ntawm lub plawv muaj cov pa oxygen tsawg dua li qub (shunt, lossis 'septal perforation', uas yog los ntawm sab xis mus rau sab laug).

Lub shunt, txawm sab laug-rau-txoj cai lossis txoj cai-rau-sab laug, ua rau lub plawv ua haujlwm hnyav dua los faib cov pa oxygen rau lub cev.

Valve defects

Lub valve hauv lub plawv yuav tsis tuaj yeem qhib tag nrho lossis tsis tuaj yeem kaw tag nrho vim muaj qhov tsis xws luag, lossis nws tuaj yeem ua tsis zoo. Cov teeb meem no yuam kom lub plawv ua haujlwm hnyav dua kom txav cov ntshav ib txwm los ntawm lub plawv kom ua tau raws li lub cev xav tau.

cov hlab ntsha nqaim

Cov hlab ntsha uas nqaim dhau ntawm ib qho chaw ua rau lub plawv ua haujlwm hnyav dua txhawm rau nqus cov ntshav ib txwm. Cov hlab ntsha tuaj yeem txuas tau tsis raug, xa cov ntshav deoxygenated rau lub cev lossis twb muaj cov ntshav oxygenated mus rau lub ntsws.

Cov neeg uas muaj lub plawv tsis xws luag yuav muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lwm yam teeb meem hauv lub plawv, nrog rau mob stroke, pulmonary hypertension, plawv tsis ua hauj lwm, thiab arrhythmia.