Vasati varoora, kufamba kwacho kwanga kuri sei?

Hapana mumwe wedu anogona kufamba asina kubata pasipoti yake muruoko rwake rworudyi, asi pasipoti isati yabudiswa, maitiro ekufambisa akaitwa sei, kutaurwa kwekutanga kwegwaro rakafanana nepasipoti yemazuva ano inodzokera kumiganhu yegore 450 BC. , Mambo wePezhiya, Artashasta I, paakabvumira mushumiri wake nomubatsiri wake, Nehemia, kubuda muguta reSuse vakananga kuJudhiya, kumaodzanyemba kweParestina.
Mambo wePezhiya akapa mubatsiri wake tsamba yaakakumbira vatongi vematunhu aiva mhiri kwaYufuratesi kuti vafambise kufamba kwaNehemia, maererano nezvakataurwa muBhuku raNehemia, iro rinorondedzerwa serimwe remabhuku. wechiJudha Tanakh.

Kubva pane akati wandei ezvinyorwa zvekare, kutaurwa kweshoko rekuti pasipoti rakatanga kunguva yepakati. Mukati menguva iyoyo, uye kuti vayambuke magedhi emaguta, vaeni vaida mvumo kubva kuzviremera zvomunzvimbomo kuti vapinde uye vafambe vakasununguka, kunyange mumaguta ari mumhenderekedzo yegungwa, mavaikumbirwa pakupinda muzviteshi zvavo.

Mufananidzo wokufungidzira waMambo Artashasta I wePezhiya akagara pachigaro chake choumambo
Zvizhinji zvezvinyorwa zvezvakaitika kare zvinoti Mambo Henry V wekuEngland ndiye akatanga kutora gwaro rakafanana nepasipoti yemazuva ano.Mambo weEngland, mushure meParliamentary Decree yakabudiswa muna 1414, akatsvaga zita reSafe Conducts Act 1414 kuti adzivirire vanhu vake. pakufamba kwavo kune dzimwe nyika kuburikidza neKupa gwaro rinoratidza kuti ndivanaani uye kwavakabva.
Zvichakadaro, mutemo uyu wakamiswa kwemakore manomwe, kutanga mugore ra7, usati wagamuchirwa zvakare mukati megore ra1435.
Nekuuya kwegore ra1540 uye zvichibva pachisarudzo chitsva, basa rekuburitsa magwaro ekufambisa rakazova rimwe remabasa eChirungu Special Council, uye panguva imwe chete iyoyo, izwi rekuti "pasipoti" rakazozivikanwa sekutanga kwekupararira kwayo.

Muna 1794, vakuru vakuru vokune dzimwe nyika vakapiwa basa rokubudisa mapasipoti.

Zuva rekare reBritish pasipoti igore ra1636, apo Mambo weEngland Charles I (Charles I) mugore iroro akabvumira Sir Thomas Littleton kuti vafambe vakananga kunyika dzemhiri kwemakungwa, dzinova "makoloni echiRungu paAmerican continent panguva iyoyo. ".
Zvisinei, pamwe chete nekupararira kwenjanji, uye kuwedzera kwavo pamusoro pemarefu marefu pakati penyika dzakasiyana pakati pehafu yechipiri yezana remakore rechigumi nemapfumbamwe uye kutanga kwezana remakore rechimakumi maviri, nhamba yenzendo pakati penyika dzakasiyana dzeEurope yakawedzera.
Uye nhamba huru yevafambi vaiyambuka miganhu zuva nezuva, uye nekudaro maitiro ekudzora pasipoti akawedzera kuoma nekuti gwaro iri panguva iyoyo rakaona kudzikira kukuru kwechikamu chekutorwa kwaro. Asi nekutanga kweHondo Yenyika Yekutanga, nyaya yakachinja nekukurumidza, sezvo nyika zhinji dzakaisa kukosha kwekugamuchira pasipoti yevafambi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekuchengetedza, pazvaidiwa kudoma nyika dzevakasvika kudzivirira njodzi yevasori uye kuparadza. mabasa.
Mushure mekupera kweHondo Yenyika Yekutanga, nzira dzepasipoti dzakaramba dzichigamuchirwa munyika dzakasiyana-siyana "masimba enyika", nepo vafambi veBritish vakaratidza kushatirwa kwavo nemaitiro akavamanikidza kutora mifananidzo yavo. MaBritish aiona zviito izvi sekutuka kurudzi rwavo.
Kunenge muna 1920, League of Nations, iyo yakatangira kubuda kweUnited Nations, yakaita musangano umo yakabvumiranwa kuti ibudise mitemo yepasipoti yakada kufanana neyakagamuchirwa nhasi.