Konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana ne-colon kanye nezifo ze-rectal - ama-hemorrhoids

UDkt. Matthew Tetherley, Udokotela Ohlinzayo we-Colorectal kanye ne-Laparoscopic esibhedlela sase-Burjeel, e-Abu Dhabi, uphendula imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngezifo ze-colorectal.

Okokuqala, ayini ama-hemorrhoids?

I-Hemorrhoids ingenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu ze-colon kanye ne-rectum. Ingxenye yabantu abaningi izoba nama-hemorrhoids esikhathini esithile ekuphileni kwabo, ngokuvamile ngemva kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Ama-hemorrhoids angaphandle ahlanganisa imithambo enwetshiwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba endunu, engase ivuvuke noma ibangele ubuhlungu. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube buhlungu kakhulu uma amahlule egazi (thrombosis). Ama-hemorrhoids angaphakathi, athinta umsele wangemuva, abonakala ngokopha ngaphandle kobuhlungu kanye nokuphuma ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwamathumbu. Lapho ama-hemorrhoids eba mabi kakhulu, angase aphumele ngaphandle.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile kanye nezimpawu zama-hemorrhoids?

Uphawu oluvame kakhulu ukopha ngaphandle kobuhlungu. Lokhu kopha kungase kubonakale kuyinani elincane esicutshini noma endlini yangasese. Iziguli nazo zikhala ngokungaphatheki kahle noma ukulunywa endaweni yendunu. Ngezinye izikhathi uma kwenzeka ama-hemorrhoids amakhulu, i-prolapse evela ku-anus ivela futhi ibuhlungu kakhulu. Kodwa ukuba khona kobuhlungu obukhulu lapho ukuzikhulula kuvame ukuba umphumela wesinye isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-anal fissure.

Kufanele kukhulunywe nini nodokotela ohlinza ikholoni norectal?

Ama-hemorrhoids avame kakhulu futhi kunezinketho eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo. Abantu abaningi bangalulama ezimpawu ngokwenza izinguquko endleleni yokuphila nokusebenzisa imithi elula. Kodwa uma izimpawu zingaqedi phakathi kwamasonto amabili, kufanele kukhulunywe nodokotela ohlinza ikholoni norectal. Ukopha okubomvu okukhanyayo ngesikhathi nangemuva kokuphuma kwamathumbu kuwuphawu oluvame kakhulu lwama-hemorrhoids. Ngeshwa, izimpawu ezifanayo zingase zenzeke kwezinye izifo ezifana ne-colitis nomdlavuza. Ngakho-ke, uma ukopha kungayeki ngokwelashwa okulula phakathi kwamasonto amabili, kubalulekile ukuvakashela ikholoni kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo we-rectal.

Yiziphi izimbangela zama-hemorrhoids?

Izici ezinomthelela ekuveleni kwama-hemorrhoids futhi okufanele kuqashelwe ukuze kuvikelwe ukucindezeleka ngokweqile ukuze uphume amathumbu, ukuhlala isikhathi eside endlini yangasese (ukufunda noma ukusebenzisa umakhalekhukhwini), ukuqunjelwa noma isifo sohudo esingapheli, ukukhulelwa kanye nezici zofuzo.

Atholakala kanjani ama-hemorrhoids?

Indlela elula yokuxilonga lezi zinkinga ukuhlola ikholoni kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo we-rectal obhekene nalezi zimo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, ukuhlolwa kwedijithali (ikhompyutha) ye-rectum kwenziwa nge-proctoscopy ne-sigmoidoscopy (i-scope elula yokuhlola i-rectum). Ngezinye izikhathi kunconywa i-colonoscopy ebanzi uma kunezibonakaliso nezimpawu zesinye isifo se-colon, njengokushintsha kokuhamba kwamathumbu, noma uma kunezici eziyingozi zomdlavuza wekoloni.

Ama-hemorrhoids angagwenywa kanjani?

Ukuvimbela kungcono kunokwelapha! Indlela elula yokuvimbela ama-hemorrhoids ukugcina indle ithambile ukuze idlule ngaphandle kokuhluma. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi ungahlali isikhathi eside endlini yangasese futhi ungacindezeli lapho ukhipha amathumbu. Okufanelekile, hamba endlini yokugezela kuphela uma kunesidingo esinamandla sokuvula amathumbu futhi ungahlali ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-3 kuya kwemi-4 ngenkathi udlula izihlalo ukuhambisana kwe-toothpaste.

Kuyini ukwelashwa kwama-hemorrhoids?

Ekuqaleni kuyasiza ukushintsha ukudla nokwandisa uketshezi. Ukugcina indawo yomile futhi ihlanzekile nakho kubalulekile. Gcoba indawo emanzini afudumele imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kweyi-15 izikhathi ezimbili kuya kathathu nsuku zonke, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokuvula amathumbu. Uma womisa sebenzisa ithawula bese umbambatha kunokusula. Uma lezi zinyathelo zingasithuthukisi isimo, ungase udinge imithi, ngokuvamile i-laxative noma i-laxative, ukuze uthambise indle. Uma ama-hemorrhoids ebanga izinhlungu noma ukulunywa, umuthi obulala izinzwa wendawo noma ukhilimu we-steroid ungase udambise izimpawu, kodwa kufanele usetshenziswe isikhathi esifushane kuphela. Ngokusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela zokwelashwa, izimpawu ze-hemorrhoids zingase zinyamalale phakathi nesonto noma amabili.Uma isimo singathuthuki, kufanele kukhulunywe nodokotela ohlinzayo kakholoni kanye no-rectal.

Ikholoni kanye nodokotela ohlinzayo we-rectal unezindlela eziningi zokubhekana nama-hemorrhoids, kuhlanganise nezinqubo ezenziwa emtholampilo, njenge-rubber band ligation noma umjovo oholela ekushwabaneni kwama-hemorrhoids. Kukhona nenqwaba yezinqubo zokuhlinza ezingenziwa, njengokuxhunywa kwemithambo, ukusikwa okuvulekile kwe-hemorrhoid noma i-stapled hemorrhoidectomy. Udokotela ohlinzayo unquma ukwelashwa nokuhlinzwa okufanele ngokohlobo lwama-hemorrhoids isiguli esiphethwe yilo.