Thyroid problems, between hyperactivity and inactivity, what are the symptoms and what is the treatment?

It has become very common in recent times, the spread of diseases of the glands, especially the thyroid gland, and given the importance of the hormone that this gland secretes, any defect in the work of this gland leads to an imbalance in the body, and for this, we must remedy this imbalance before the symptoms exacerbate, and although the treatment of Thyroid dysfunction has become known and easy, but the issue remains sensitive to its connection with the work of all bodily functions, especially if it has been a long time since this imbalance has not been corrected, so start with yourself, do you have difficulty concentrating, weight gain, cold shiver Increased hair loss, or do you feel the opposite of the previous symptoms, increased activity, increased sweating, nervousness and anxiety? It is possible that your thyroid gland has started to act strangely and is the reason for this. Sometimes an imbalance occurs in this gland, which is largely responsible for regulating your body, and this often happens in women, and treating this condition with appropriate treatment is an imperative to feel your best and avoid serious health symptoms.

What is the thyroid gland?

It is a large gland that takes the shape of a butterfly in the front of the neck, and it secretes hormones that control the speed of metabolism, and thus control the energy of the body, and thyroid gland imbalance can speed up or slow down our metabolism as a result of an imbalance in the secretion of gland hormones, either by increase or decrease, and thus we feel A series of symptoms that affect the body and mood.

The mechanism of action of the thyroid gland

The thyroid gland uses iodine to produce vital hormones, and thyroid hormone, also known as T4, is the primary hormone produced by the gland in the body after birth and reaches body tissues via the bloodstream. A small portion of T4 is converted into triiodothyronine (T3), which is The most active hormone.

Thyroid functions are regulated by the brain-feedback mechanism. When thyroid hormone levels are low, the hypothalamus in the brain produces a hormone known as thyrotropin (TRH) that causes the pituitary gland (at the base of the brain) to release thyroid stimulating hormone. (TSH), which stimulates the thyroid gland to release more T4.

The thyroid gland is controlled by the pituitary gland and the hypothalamus, and any disorder that occurs in the pituitary gland, can also affect thyroid function and cause thyroid problems. What are the symptoms of thyroid hormone imbalance?

Weight gain or loss The imbalance of her hormones is associated with unexplained changes in the patient’s weight. If you notice that your weight is significantly less than usual, you may suffer from increased secretion of her hormones, and if you notice that your weight is increasing significantly than usual, you may suffer from a lack of secretion of her hormones It is the most common. Swelling in the neck in the place of the thyroid gland Swelling in the neck is a visual evidence that you can see for yourself that something is wrong with the thyroid gland, and it occurs in the case of increased and decreased secretion, but it can also occur in other diseases that have nothing to do with the thyroid gland and also occurs in Thyroid tumors cases.

A change in the heart rate In the case of a decrease in its secretion, a decrease in the heart rate occurs, but in the case of an increase in its secretion, an increase in the heart rate occurs, and it may be accompanied by a rise in blood pressure and a rise in the sound of the beats, what we call heart palpitations. Changes in activity and psychological state The occurrence of any defect in it has a significant impact on the activity and psychological state, in the case of lack of secretion, the person tends to laziness, lethargy, and a feeling of depression, but in the case of increased secretion, the person tends to tension and anxiety, nervousness and speed of movement, and excessive activity.

Hair loss, occurs in cases of excess and decrease of thyroid hormone, and in most cases hair grows again when the defect is treated. Feeling very cold or feeling hot and intolerable to heat. What is the relationship between the thyroid gland and body temperature? The thyroid gland helps regulate body temperature, and gland dysfunction affects the body’s ability to regulate its temperature. In the case of a lack of hormone secretion, a person tends to feel cold even during hot times, and in the event of an increase in hormone secretion, the opposite effect occurs, as sweating increases and heat is not tolerated.

Symptoms of an underactive thyroid

Dry skin and nail breakage. Tingling or numbness in the hands. constipation; Increase in menstrual blood. Always feeling cold. Not sweating. overweight. Fatigue and laziness. Forgetfulness and poor memory. Low sexual desire. Mood swings. High level of cholesterol in the blood. hardness of hearing.

Symptoms of thyroid activity Muscle weakness or tremors in the hands. vision problems diarrhea. Irregular menstruation (menstrual cycle). feeling anxious

Methods for diagnosing thyroid hormone imbalance neck examination you can do at home in front of the mirror where you put your head back, and swallow a drink of water, and during the swallowing process, check your neck by touching for any bulges or bumps and repeat the process more than once and if you notice any change go to the doctor

. Conducting a blood sample test for the ratio of thyroid-regulating hormone. When the doctor suspects that you have this disease, he requests a test for thyroid-regulating hormone (TSH). In the case of an increase in the hormone, this indicates a decrease in gland secretion. .

What are the causes of thyroid hormone imbalances?

Causes of an underactive thyroid

Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disease that runs in families in which the immune system attacks the thyroid gland. An abnormality in the pituitary gland. Temporary inflammation of the thyroid gland or taking medicines that affect the thyroid gland

Causes of increased thyroid secretion

Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease that leads to increased secretion of thyroid hormone, and one of its distinguishing signs is the occurrence of swelling behind the eye that leads to exophthalmos. Tumors or bumps in the gland.

What are the complications of thyroid hormone imbalance? If left untreated, serious complications may occur:

In the case of a deficiency of thyroid hormone secretion, the level of cholesterol in the blood increases and makes you more likely to have a stroke or a heart attack. In some serious cases, a severe deficiency of thyroid hormone may lead to unconsciousness or a severe drop in body temperature that threatens life.

In the case of increased secretion of thyroid hormone, heart problems and osteoporosis may occur.

What is the treatment of thyroid hormone imbalance?

Treatment of hypothyroidism

And often the patient needs to continue it for life. Treatment of increased secretion of thyroid hormone. Anti-thyroid hormone medications are the most commonly used. The condition often goes away after using it for a while, but sometimes the patient needs to use it for a long time.

Other medicines are used to treat symptoms of excess hormone, such as rapid heartbeat and tremors.

Another option is to use radioactive iodine in a course of 6-18 weeks, which destroys the gland, but in this case the patient must then take the thyroid hormone in the form of tablets.

Surgical removal of the gland is done in case the patient does not respond to anti-thyroid hormone medications or if there are tumors in the gland. In this case, the patient must take thyroid hormone in the form of tablets to compensate for the deficiency in the hormone.